Egypt
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Arab Republic of Egypt
??????? ??? ???????
Gumhuriyyat Ma?r al-?Arabiyyah
Flag
Coat of arms
Anthem: Bilady, Bilady, Bilady
My country, my country, my country
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Capital
and largest city
Cairo
30°2'N 31°13'E? / ?30.033°N 31.217°E? / 30.033; 31.217
Official languages
Arabic
Demonym
Egyptian
Government
Unitary semi-presidential republic
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President
Mohamed Morsi
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Prime Minister
Hesham Kandil
Legislature
Parliament
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Upper house
Shura Council
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Lower house
House of Representatives
Establishment
-
Unification of Upper
and Lower Egypt
c. 3200 BC
-
Muhammad Ali Dynasty inaugurated
9 July 1805
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Independence from
the United Kingdom
28 February 1922
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Republic declared
18 June 1953
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Revolution Day
25 January 2011
Area
-
Total
1,002,450 km2 (30th)
387,048 sq mi
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Water (%)
0.632
Population
-
2013 estimate
91,000,000 (15th)
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2006 census
72,798,000
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Density
84/km2 (126th)
218/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2012 estimate
-
Total
$533.739 billion
-
Per capita
$6,594
GDP (nominal)
2012 estimate
-
Total
$252.458 billion
-
Per capita
$3,118
Gini (2008)
30.8
medium
HDI (2011)
0.644
medium · 113th
Currency
Egyptian pound (EGP)
Time zone
EET (UTC+2b)
Drives on the
right
Calling code
+20
ISO 3166 code
EG
Internet TLD
.eg
???.
a.
^ Literary Arabic is the sole official language. Egyptian Arabic is the national spoken language. Other dialects and minority languages are spoken regionally.
b.
No daylight saving time has been kept since 2011.
Egypt i/'i?d??pt/ (Arabic: ???? Mi?r), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt (Arabic: ??????? ??? ??????? (help·info)), is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. Most of its territory of 1,010,000 square kilometers (390,000 sq mi) lies within North Africa and is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west.Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa and the Middle East, and the 15th most populated in the world. The great majority of its over 84 million people live near the banks of the Nile River, an area of about 40,000 square kilometers (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable land is found. The large regions of the Sahara Desert, which constitute most of Egypt's territory, are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.Egypt has one of the longest histories of any modern state, having been continuously inhabited since the 10th millennium BC. Its monuments, such as the Giza pyramid complex and its Great Sphinx, were constructed by its ancient civilization, which was one of the most advanced of its time. Its ancient ruins, such as those of Memphis, Thebes, Karnak, and the Valley of the Kings outside Luxor, are a significant focus of archaeological study and popular interest. Egypt's rich cultural legacy, as well as the attraction of its Red Sea Riviera, has made tourism a vital part of the economy, employing about 12% of the country's workforce.The economy of Egypt is one of the most diversified in the Middle East, with sectors such as tourism, agriculture, industry and services at almost equal production levels. Egypt is considered to be a middle power, with significant cultural, political, and military influence in the Mediterranean, the Middle East and the Muslim world.
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