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Civil engineering
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This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2013)
A multi-level stack interchange, buildings, houses, and park in Shanghai, China.
Philadelphia City Hall in the United States is still the world's tallest masonry load bearing structure.
Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings. Civil engineering is the second-oldest engineering discipline after military engineering, and it is defined to distinguish non-military engineering from military engineering. It is traditionally broken into several sub-disciplines including architectural engineering, environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, geophysics, geodesy, control engineering, structural engineering, earthquake engineering, transportation engineering, earth science, atmospheric sciences, forensic engineering, municipal or urban engineering, water resources engineering, materials engineering, offshore engineering, quantity surveying, coastal engineering, surveying, and construction engineering. Civil engineering takes place in the public sector from municipal through to national governments, and in the private sector from individual homeowners through to international companies.
^ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company, 2004. (accessed: 2007-08-08).
^ "History and Heritage of Civil Engineering". ASCE. Retrieved 2007-08-08.
^ "Institution of Civil Engineers What is Civil Engineering". ICE. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
^ a b "What is Civil Engineering?". The Canadian Society for Civil Engineering. Retrieved 2007-08-08.
^ "Civil engineering". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2007-08-09.
^ Oakes, William C.; Leone, Les L.; Gunn, Craig J. (2001). Engineering Your Future. Great Lakes Press. ISBN 1-881018-57-1.
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